The first controlled fire was made by early humans over 1 million years ago.

The first stone tools were created around 2.5 million years ago.

The first domesticated animal was the dog, over 15,000 years ago.

The first agriculture began in the Fertile Crescent about 10,000 years ago.

The first wheel was invented in Mesopotamia around 3500 BCE.

The first writing system was Sumerian cuneiform in 3200 BCE.

The first metal used by humans was copper, around 9000 BCE.

The first calendars were created by Egyptians around 4200 BCE.

The first maps were drawn in Babylon around 600 BCE.

The first number system was developed in Sumer around 2000 BCE.

The first compass was invented in China during the Han dynasty.

The first paper was invented in China around 105 CE.

The first seismograph was built by Zhang Heng in 132 CE.

The first mechanical clock appeared in China in the 8th century.

The first watermill was used in ancient Greece around 3rd century BCE.

The first surgical tools were used in ancient India and Egypt.

The first recorded surgery was done in ancient India over 2000 years ago.

The first concrete was used by the Romans around 600 BCE.

The first aqueduct was built in Rome in 312 BCE.

The first public toilets were found in ancient Harappa.

The first printing press was invented by Gutenberg in 1440.

The first telescope was built by Hans Lippershey in 1608.

The first microscope was created by Zacharias Janssen in the 1590s.

The first steam engine was invented by Thomas Newcomen in 1712.

The first thermometer was developed by Galileo in 1593.

The first mechanical calculator was created by Pascal in 1642.

The first battery was invented by Alessandro Volta in 1800.

The first stethoscope was invented by René Laennec in 1816.

The first typewriter was patented by Christopher Sholes in 1868.

The first sewing machine was built by Elias Howe in 1846.

The first light bulb was perfected by Thomas Edison in 1879.

The first telephone call was made by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.

The first wireless transmission was made by Marconi in 1895.

The first radio broadcast happened in 1906 by Reginald Fessenden.

The first electric motor was developed by Michael Faraday in 1821.

The first phonograph was created by Edison in 1877.

The first TV transmission was by John Logie Baird in 1926.

The first transatlantic telegraph cable was laid in 1858.

The first fax machine was patented by Alexander Bain in 1843.

The first sound recording was made in 1860 by Édouard-Léon Scott.

The first vaccine was for smallpox by Edward Jenner in 1796.

The first antiseptic surgery was done by Joseph Lister in 1865.

The first X-ray image was taken by Wilhelm Röntgen in 1895.

The first antibiotic was penicillin, discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1928.

The first blood transfusion happened in 1667 in France.

The first organ transplant was a kidney in 1954.

The first heart transplant was performed by Christiaan Barnard in 1967.

The first artificial pacemaker was implanted in 1958.

The first prosthetic limb dates back to ancient Egypt.

The first successful in vitro fertilization was in 1978.

The first powered flight was by the Wright brothers in 1903.

The first hot air balloon flight was in 1783 by the Montgolfier brothers.

The first steam locomotive was built by George Stephenson in 1814.

The first gasoline-powered car was by Karl Benz in 1885.

The first electric car was built by Thomas Parker in 1884.

The first motorcycle was developed in Germany in 1885.

The first subway system opened in London in 1863.

The first commercial airline flight took off in 1914.

The first spacecraft to orbit Earth was Sputnik 1 in 1957.

The first GPS navigation system launched in the 1970s.

The first programmable computer was the Z3 in 1941.

The first stored-program computer was the Manchester Baby in 1948.

The first personal computer was the Kenbak-1 in 1971.

The first GUI computer was Xerox Alto in 1973.

The first spreadsheet software was VisiCalc in 1979.

The first word processor was Electric Pencil in 1976.

The first operating system was GM-NAA I/O in 1956.

The first mouse was invented by Douglas Engelbart in 1964.

The first computer virus was Creeper in 1971.

The first AI program was Logic Theorist in 1956.

The first woman to spacewalk was Svetlana Savitskaya in 1984.

The first mobile call was made by Martin Cooper in 1973.

The first SMS was sent in 1992 — “Merry Christmas.”

The first smartphone was IBM’s Simon in 1994.

The first Android phone was HTC Dream in 2008.

The first iPhone was launched in 2007.

The first tablet computer was the GRiDPad in 1989.

The first wearable fitness tracker was Fitbit in 2009.

The first foldable phone was Royole FlexPai in 2018.

The first industrial robot was Unimate in 1961.

The first robot to walk was WABOT-1 in 1973.

The first home robot was iRobot’s Roomba in 2002.

The first chatbot was ELIZA, created in 1966.

The first self-driving car was tested in the 1980s by Mercedes-Benz.

The first AI to beat a chess champ was Deep Blue in 1997.

The first AI to beat Go was AlphaGo in 2016.

The first image-generating AI was DALL·E in 2021.

The first conversational AI to go viral was ChatGPT in 2022.

The first video-generating AI from text was Sora in 2024.

The first nuclear reactor was built in 1942 by Enrico Fermi.

The first solar panel was invented by Bell Labs in 1954.

The first search engine was Archie in 1990.

The first YouTube video was uploaded in 2005.